Grand Rapids in Solidarity with Standing Rock: Stop Funding the Dakota Access Pipeline Action
About 50 people gathered today at the Calder Plaza to participate in an action in solidarity with the resistance by First Nations people at Standing Rock.
The Stop Funding DAPL event was organized to confront the financial institutions that are currently funding the Dakota Access Pipeline Project, which includes 17 different banks. The action today was directed at JPMorgan Chase bank, which has a branch at 200 Ottawa NW in downtown Grand Rapids.
The action began with drumming and a song that was led by members of the Anishinaabe community. Jonathan Rinehart then spoke about the significance of December 29, which is the anniversary of the US Calvary massacre of unarmed members of the Lakota nation at Wounded Knee in 1890. Reinhart then made the connection to contemporary genocidal policies against First Nations people, like what is happening at Standing Rock.
Nancy Gallardo, who has been at Standing Rock for several months and just returned this morning also spoke about what was happening there and the importance of these kinds of actions that demonstrate solidarity with the struggle in North Dakota.
Another Anishinaabe woman who has also been to Standing Rock spoke and talked about the importance of water in our lives and why it is vital to fight against oil extraction no matter where it takes place.
The flyer pictured above was shared during the action, encouraging people to contact the CEO of JPMorgan Chase Bank.
The intent was to go into the JPMorgan Chase bank on Ottawa, but when we began the action there were already cops there and a private security guard from the bank standing outside the doors. People walked over the the bank anyway but were denied entrance based on what the cop told us was that the bank is “private property.”
By this time there were 8 GRPD cars on the scene and one bicycle cop to protect the bank.
Denied entrance to the bank, people rallied in front of the the bank handing out flyers, chanting and listening to additional comments from the Anishinaabe community.
We founded out the the bank closed to make sure that those who were “protesting” couldn’t get inside, so people stayed for almost another hour to continue to shut the bank down and not allow them to be in the business of funding the pipeline, which is funding death.
Michigan Senators Peters and Stabenow both support the illegal Israeli Settlements in light of recent United Nations Security Council Vote
On the Friday before Christmas, the United Nations Security Council voted 14 – 0 to to condemn Israeli settlements in the occupied West Bank.
The resolution, which passed on December 23rd, demands that Israel “immediately and completely cease all settlement activities in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and that it fully respect all of its legal obligations in this regard.”
The United States, a permanent member of the UN Security Council abstained from voting.
Some people saw the US decision to abstain as a criticism against the illegal Israeli settlements, but with the US providing over $3 billion a year in aid to Israel, the decision to abstain was merely for show.
As usual, several members of the UN Security Council were pressured to vote against the resolution, since Israel was threatening to impose sanctions against the two countries that pushed for the resolution, New Zealand and Senegal.
Michigan Senators continue unconditional support for Israel
The two Senators from Michigan, Gary Peters and Debbie Stabenow, both released statements that continue to support Israel and condemn any criticism by the United Nations.
In a statement released just prior to the UN Security Council vote, Senator Peters said:
“I am concerned that one-sided actions against Israel at the United Nations would undermine any future efforts to bring Israelis and Palestinians to the table. We need to focus on achieving a two-state solution that would bring peace and security to Israel and a future Palestinian state. The resolution currently being considered by the United Nations Security Council would mark a significant step backwards with respect to the peace process between Israel and the Palestinian people, and I urge the Administration to do everything to ensure this resolution is not considered or adopted by the Security Council.”
Senator Stabenow waited until after the UN vote had taken place, but was clear in her displeasure with the vote.
“I strongly disagree with the United States’ abstention which allowed a one-sided resolution concerning Israel to be adopted. This resolution is not the way to achieve peace and undermines opportunities for direct negotiations.”
This kind of support from the Michigan Senators should come as no surprise. First, it is rare that any US politician at the federal level will speak out against Israel on any foreign policy matter. Secondly, Senator Peters has been a major recipient of pro-Israeli PAC money, following in the footsteps of former Senator Carl Levin, who was one of Israel’s biggest cheerleaders for decades.
UN Resolution not really a call for justice
Founder and Editor of the online journal, The Electronic Intifada, Ali Abunimah, wrote an important piece about this UN Security Council resolution, where he believes it will be detrimental to Palestinian rights. Unlike, the comments from Michigan Senators Peters and Stabenow, Abunimah makes the point that there have been plenty of previous UN Resolutions that have condemned Israeli settlements. The problem, Abunimah says, is that there is no enforcement mechanism that will actually challenge the Israelis to obey international law. 
Abunimah goes on to say:
What is even more worrying is the rest of the resolution – read in whole, it is a clear attempt to legislate into international law the so-called two-state solution.
In September, I warned that a resolution of this kind would undermine, not support, Palestinian rights.
This draft does not contain a single reference to Palestinian rights, especially the right of return for refugees. It makes no mention of Gaza, which has been under a devastating and illegal Israeli siege for over a decade – a blockade enforced jointly with Egypt, the resolution’s sponsor.
Rather, it expresses “grave concern that continuing Israeli settlement activities are dangerously imperilling the viability of the two-state solution based on the 1967 lines,” as if two states, not restoring Palestinian rights, is an end in itself.
I have explained previously how the tricky phrase “based on the 1967 lines” is designed to allow Israel to annex its vast settlement blocs.
Take the older resolution I mentioned, 465 from 1980. It demands that Israel “dismantle the existing settlements” – all settlements built since the West Bank was occupied in 1967.
The draft now under consideration only calls on Israel to dismantle “all settlement outposts erected since March 2001” – the implication is that most of the existing settlements, particularly the large blocs, will remain forever.
So while being marketed as a move against settlements, this resolution lays the ground to legitimize them, albeit under the framework of a “negotiated” peace agreement.
Lastly, the UN Security Council Resolution is problematic, since it takes away the Palestinian right to resist, by stating:
that Palestinians have a duty effectively to police themselves on behalf of their occupiers by confiscating so-called “illegal weapons” and “dismantling terrorist capabilities” – Israeli-style language that demonizes an occupied people.
MLive, experts and Betsy DeVos as Education Secretary
On Monday, MLive ran another piece looking at President-elect Donald Trump’s choice for Secretary of Education, Betsy DeVos. 
The article on MLive follows a very binary pattern with conservative/liberal voices identified as experts. The story also sets up an overly simplistic framework for the article that does little to flesh out what Betsy DeVos as Education Secretary could actually accomplish.
However, before we look at the experts cited in the article it is important to note that the MLive writer uses words to describe Betsy DeVos that she would use herself in the opening sentence. It reads:
When president-elect Donald Trump nominated renowned philanthropist and school-choice advocate Betsy DeVos for U.S. Secretary of Education, waves of hope and anger swept through education circles nationwide.
The MLive reporter uses the terms “renowned philanthropist” and “school-choice advocate.” These are terms right out of the DeVos family playbook on how to present themselves to the public and demonstrates that more often than not, news media outlets play along with these terms.
People who make billions off the labor of others, rich people, don’t just give their money to organization or causes. Those who are super rich are strategic about who they give money to and that contribution serves very specific purposes. As we noted in an article about the DeVos Family philanthropy, their larger contributions go to institutions that they are politically aligned with. In the case of the Dick & Betsy DeVos Foundation we looked at the most recent 990 filings that foundations are required to submit and this is what we found:
The Dick & Betsy DeVos Foundation also contributes larger sums of money to the organizations that fit within their ideological and class warfare framework. One such entity is the Acton Institute. The Grand Rapids-based think tank, which believes that Capitalism and Christianity make good bed fellows, has received $505,000 from the Dick & Betsy DeVos Foundation according to the 990 reports for 2012 and 2013.
Another Capitalist entity that they have contributed to is Endeavor, which likes to refer to itself as a non-profit for entrepreneurs. The Dick & Betsy DeVos Foundation contributed $162,000 in 2013, according to their 990s, but they also play a significant role in having a staff person from their foundation sit on the regional board of Endeavor in Detroit, Nate Lowery.
However, the major area of philanthropy for Dick and Betsy DeVos is in the area of an attack on public education. They do this through several organizations with their funding. First, there is the DC-based entity called the Alliance for School Choice. In 2013, they contributed $250,000 to this group, which promotes the privatization of public education.
Another anti-public education source for DeVos philanthropy is the Foundation for Excellence in Education ($100,000 in 2013). Betsy DeVos sits on the board of directors, along with Condoleezza Rice and the board president, Jeb Bush.
Lastly, there is the Great Lakes Education Foundation, which has also received substantial funding from the Dick & Betsy DeVos Foundation. ($200,000 alone in 2013) The Great Lakes Education Foundation is a source of funding that supports the Great Lakes Education Project, of which Betsy DeVos is also a board member, along with the DeVos political operative, Greg McNeilly.
The other major effect that foundation giving can often have is to buy silence. The Dick & Betsy DeVos foundation knowns that if they give say $25,000 to a local non-profit, that organization will never say anything critical of the DeVos family. This outcome is equally problematic as contributions that go to groups they are ideologically aligned with, since the overall projects that the DeVos family are committed to – increasing their wealth by supporting neoliberal capitalism, attacking unions & LGBT rights – often are counter to the very efforts that non-profits are trying to counter.
Then there is there is the second label that the MLive article uses to describe Betsy DeVos…….”school-choice advocate.” More than many labels that have been used in recent decades, this one is Orwellian to the core. “School-Choice advocates” are not about choice, they are about promoting their own ideological agenda. This agenda includes taking public money away from public schools, attacking teacher unions, promoting racist and classist education policies and the desire to have religion back in the class room. This is anything but school choice.
The bulk of the MLive article was devoted to getting the opinions of four education policy “experts.” Two of the four experts were overtly in favor of charter schools and school privatization. The first was Michael Petrilli, president of the Thomas B. Fordham Institute. Fordham’s partners are a who’s who of school privatization groups, such as the American Enterprise Institute, the National Alliance for Public Charter Schools, the Foundation for Excellence in Education, the Hoover Institution, the American Federation for Children and the American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC).
The second overtly pro-charter/private schools expert is Dan Quisenberry, president of the Michigan Association of Public School Academies. DeVos political operative Greg McNeilly, is on the board of directors of this group.
A third expert is Elizabeth Mann, a fellow at the nonpartisan Washington D.C.-based Brown Center on Education Policy at the Brookings Institution. Often viewed as a centrist think tank, the Brookings Institute embraces neoliberal economic policies and the Brown Center on Education Policy has as one of its main experts, former Secretary of Education Arne Duncan. For those thinking Duncan was a staunch defender of the public school system, please see the following links for clarification.
http://www.counterpunch.org/2008/12/18/arne-duncan-s-privatization-agenda/
http://www.counterpunch.org/2009/08/24/obama-and-duncan-s-education-policy-like-bush-s-only-worse/
https://dianeravitch.net/2016/10/28/arne-duncan-supports-privatization-measure-in-massachusetts/
The fourth expert the MLive article cites is Michigan Education Association spokesman Doug Pratt. Pratt is clearly not a support of DeVos as Education Secretary, but he is the only one who frames the qualifications of Betsy DeVos in a more honest way.
Lastly, it should be noted that the MLive article, while seeming to be neutral, actually just promotes the school-choice framework with the imbalance of experts that lean towards DeVos. The other major omission is that this article, like most commercial media sources, are missing the much larger view of why Betsy DeVos is an awful choice for Education Secretary, as noted in our longer article written just after she was named as Trump’s choice.
Facing Foreclosure in Grand Rapids: An Interview with Yvonne Johnson
Yvonne Johnson is facing foreclosure on a home that she has been living in for the past 18 years.
In this interview she talks about how the neighborhood has been transformed over the past ten years, a neighborhood that was once predominantly African American, is now mostly White.
This phenomenon is happening in many neighborhoods in Grand Rapids, where communities of color and working class families are being forced out and displaced from their neighborhoods by the gentrifying effects of development.
Yvonne’s story is the story of racism and White Supremacy.
There is now a fundraising effort for Yvonne. Just go to this link.
MLive, History and the Exclusion of Indigenous Reality
On Wednesday, December 14, MLive thought it would provide a short history lesson on something that took place 180 years ago.
Apparently, people from Ohio and delegates from the territory that would become Michigan met in Ann Arbor to work out a land deal.
Ohio ended up getting what was called the Toledo Strip, while Michigan ended up getting the Upper Peninsula.
This was not in an MLive news stories, but one of those photo galleries with brief captions. This photo gallery consists of 19 slides. In the first 6 slides they share some of this brief history between Ohio and Michigan. However, there was one glaring omission, the MLive piece never mentions that Indigenous people on the land that was “in dispute.”
The reality is that thousands of indigenous people lived in what is now called Michigan prior to the European invasion. Most in these native communities experienced displacement by force, religious colonization, the flooding of their communities with alcohol and displacement through legal maneuvers known as treaties. There were numerous treaties that resulted in the takeover of Native land by settler colonialists throughout what is now called Michigan (see map on the right), but settler colonialists have a long history of violation of those treaties. So, to exclude any conversation or historical context about indigenous people is just another way of perpetuating the settler colonial narrative.
There is one mention of Native Americans in frame 16 of this photo gallery. The caption here read: Thanks to the rich history and immigration brought on by the mining boom years, the U.P. is also a cultural melting pot featuring Native Americans, Finns, Swedes, Italians, French Canadians and others.
Such a reference makes it sound like Native Americans just happen to come to the U.P., like all the other ethnic groups mentioned.
There are also a few other slides in the gallery that are instructive in terms of how it plays into the Settler Colonial narrative.
In frame number 7 we see a group of men who worked in the mines in the U.P. The caption refers to “Michigan striking it rich,” when talking about the level of mining taking place in the U.P. First, of all, Michigan didn’t strike it rich. Those who owned the mine struck it rich. In addition, the mines have contributed and continue to contributed to the contamination of water and soil in the U.P, which has disproportionately impact indigenous communities. (See Al Gedicks book, The New Resource Wars.)
In frame 8 of the photo gallery, there is this picture of men standing on an old growth tree that was cut down. The caption reads: All that supposedly useless wilderness also turned out to be an important source of timber for the logging boom.
First, there wasn’t a logging boom, there were huge profits by logging companies, some of which were owned (in part) by Grand Rapids Furniture Barons who used the wood for furniture.Secondly, the amount of timber that was logged during the 19th century was astronomical, which is why there are essentially no old growth areas left in the U.P.
The rest of the photos in the gallery primarily focus on the majestic beauty of the Upper Peninsula. While the UP is beautiful and often breathtaking, the exclusion of indigenous history is unacceptable. I mean, one of the pictures even includes Tahquamenon Falls. The photo refers to is as a landmark, but fails to mention the name of the falls is Anishinaabe.
This MLive photo gallery that seeks to provide a history lesson, is just one example of how White Supremacy is practiced and why Settler Colonialism continues.
This winter we are offering an 8 week class that looks at the history of US treatment of Indigenous people from the perspective of Indigenous people.
The class will discuss colonialism, settler colonialism and Indigenous resistance. The primary sources we will use for this class are: An Indigenous People’s History of the United States, by Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz; and a zine entitled Colonization and Decolonization: A Manual for Indigenous Liberation in the 21st Century. You can download the zine by going to this link
https://griid.org/wp-content/uploads/2009/04/colonization-decolonization.pdf.
We chose these two readings because they present US history through an Indigenous lens. We will also have some discussion about settler colonialism in Michigan, particularly West Michigan. The class is also primarily designed to inform and challenge Euro-Americans who are the beneficiaries of settler colonialism.
The class will be held on Wednesday nights from 6:30 – 8:30pm and will be held at Plymouth United Church of Christ, located at 4010 Kalamazoo Ave SE, Grand Rapids, MI 49508. The class will start on Wednesday, February 1 and go through March 22.
We are asking a suggested donation of $25 for the 8 week class, but we will not turn anyone away because of funds. To sign up, just send an e-mail to jsmith@griid.org.
City of Grand Rapids Hosts meeting on being a Sanctuary City
Yesterday, an estimated 30 people took part in a meeting to discuss the issue of Grand Rapids becoming a Sanctuary City. There were representatives from city government, the Mayor, the City Manager, members of the Community Relations Commission and the Chief of Police.
The community was represented by several immigration lawyers, non-profit workers, community organizers and members of the faith community.
The first person to be given the floor to start discussion was the Chief of Police. He started by saying, “we don’t work to enforce national immigration policy.” Rahinsky said that once they arrest someone and process them into the county jail they no longer have jurisdiction over what happens to that person. The Chief of Police inferred that the Sheriff’s Department has say on how much they will cooperate with federal law enforcement and then he made the point that Grand Rapids operates as a Sanctuary City, even though they have never declared themselves as one.
What Grand Rapids has declared themselves as is a Welcoming City. In fact, Grand Rapids is one of ten cities in Michigan that has signed on to what are now called Welcoming Communities. The Welcoming City pledge has lots of positive language and takes a clear stand against hate.
However, there was not a great deal of clarity about what a Welcoming Community means in concrete terms and there is no evidence from the website that becoming a Welcoming Community provides any protections for those who are undocumented.
The impact on undocumented immigrants was the major concern from the members of the community who were in attendance. Several immigration lawyers and an ACLU lawyer made it clear that the current practice of the Grand Rapids Police Department does contribute to undocumented immigrants ending up in detention or face deportation, even for minor non-violent offenses such as traffic violations or a suspended driver’s license.
Several lawyers suggested that the City and the GRPD need to look at developing a policy that would not treat suspended licenses and other minor traffic violation in such a way that does not result in undocumented people going to jail. In fact, a lawyer representing the Western Michigan Branch of the ACLU suggested that the City develop a “menu” of issues that might only result in fines or tickets so that people are not ending up in the County Jail. The ACLU even offered to assist the city in developing such a menu.
The other major issue that was discussed at this meeting was the issue of the potential risks associated with being a Sanctuary City. The specific risk to municipalities was in reference to proposed legislation that would result in the federal government withholding funds from cities that identify as a Sanctuary City. The Stop Dangerous Sanctuary Cities Act (S. 3100) was introduced by Pennsylvania Senator Pat Toomey earlier this year. Some of the federal funding that would be put at risk are identified as Economic Development Administration Grants and Community Development Black Grants, known as CDBG funds. President Elect Trump has also made it clear that he would defund cities that have declared themselves a Sanctuary.
The City Manager, the Mayor and other City staff were pretty clear that they did not want to risk losing federal funding by declaring Grand Rapids to be a Sanctuary City. The City Manager even made the point that much of the federal dollars that come to Grand Rapids benefit the poor.
While some might see the issue of federal funding being at risk if the City becomes a Sanctuary as a legitimate concern, what this really brings to the surface is the very limits of what governments can do.
This is why it is important for us to see the clear difference between Sanctuary Cities and Sanctuary Movements, as we noted in a recent posting. Sanctuary Movements do not have the limits that municipalities have and they also directly impact undocumented individuals and families by providing safety and solidarity in practice. Sanctuary Movements do not offer services, rather then enter into a relationship with those who are at risk of being detained, arrested or deported. Sanctuary Movements enter into this relationship even if it means that those involved in offering sanctuary are at risk of violating the law, because they adhere to values which says that human dignity is more important than laws.
The meeting did raise important questions, but one thing that was glaringly missing from the conversation were those who are most at risk of being arrested, detained or deported. What might the conversation have looked like if the voices of the undocumented were at the table? How might city officials have responded with their voices and their stories front and center? The reality is that those who are undocumented live in fear of the consequences of talking to those who have the power to arrest, detain and deport them. Again, the limits of what government can do are real.
Speaking afterwards with several immigration lawyers, they made it clear that the meeting went better than they expected and at least there was some willingness upon the part of the City of Grand Rapids to continue the conversation about looking at police policy. It was also suggested that a sub-committee be established that can further explore ways the city can adjust policy and procedure that minimizes the risk to those who are undocumented.
The Michigan Legislature is attempting to push through even more punitive bills before the holiday break. Just like the bill that seeks to end Public School teacher pensions and the legislation that seeks to limit picketing and protest in the state, the proposed legislation around ending refugee resettlement could pass before the end of the year.
The resolution, HCR 28, urges the President and Congress of the United States to comply with the Refugee Resettlement Act of 1980 and to halt further refugee placements until the Federal government is “able to comply” with appropriate screening and security checks and consult with local governments in future placements.
As many of you know, security checks already placed on refugees coming to the United States, are the most comprehensive screening process for anyone coming into our country. Secondly, there is already collaboration between the Federal, State, and Local governments regarding resettlement. The resolution would not have any legal effect, but remains of concern because it communicates false and misleading accusations of malfeasance and threat. Given the high level of coordination and security that currently exist, it is difficult to imagine any level of coordination and security that could satisfy the anti-refugee movement leaders promoting this kind of legislation. This legislation was introduced by Republican Mike McCready from the 40th District.
However, there are also several other organizations that have been lobbying for this type of anti-immigration/anti-resettlement legislation. First, there is the group known as Act for American, which, according to Sourcewatch, is one of the largest grassroots groups dedicated to targeting Muslims. Act for America uses hyper-nationalistic language and fear of terrorism as ways to influence public opinion. The Southern Poverty Law Center also lists Act for America as a Hate Group. Act for America has 6 chapters in Michigan.
Another group that has been behind the proposed legislation is the Refugee Resettlement Monitor – Michigan. This organization has ties to Act for America and uses some of the same information sources to update their members. One resource they promote is their Citizen Toolkit, which provides tips on passing local resolutions against refugee resettlement. The Refugee Resettlement Monitor – Michigan is also an anti-Islam group that believes that Muslims are trying to impose Sharia Law on people in the US.
Waterford Township passed an anti-refugee resettlement resolution in October of this year, specifically targeting Syrian refugees.
Whether the legislation becomes law in Michigan remains to be seen, but it is another indication that the far right is organized and attempting to push more anti-immigration policies.
With Grand Rapids Facing a Housing Crisis, Grand Action proposes to spend over $250 million for tourism and entertainment
Let’s be perfectly clear about what the new Grand Rapids Destination Asset Study will mean. It will mean that more public money gets directed at private projects that will result in increasing the wealth of a selected few in Grand Rapids.
In addition, the new study proposes that much of the need to expand certain assets that will primarily be used to attract more visitors/tourists to Grand Rapids. Not all that surprising, this will mean that the hotels, restaurants/bars, property management companies, construction companies, foundations, marketing firms and private parking businesses will be the primary beneficiaries of such projects. All one has to do is look at the list of people/entities that were interviewed in the process of the study and you understand which opinions are valued and which are not (see the last page of the study for list of those interviewed).
This new study was commissioned by the DeVos-created group known as Grand Action. Grand Action’s strategy has always been to use private and public funds for projects that will benefit many of the very same people (and the organizations they represent) that make up Grand Action Committee.
The projects that Grand Action has pushed in previous years have been the Arena, the convention center, the civic theater upgrade, much of the medical mile and most recently the Downtown Market.
Take the Downtown Market for example. This project was promoted from the very beginning with the idea of making Grand Rapids a tourist destination and creating what was referred to as a “Disnyland-like atmosphere.” The Downtown Market has always been about serving the culinary needs of those in the business/professional/ownership class than for working class people. In December of 2011, we reported on the millions of public dollars that would be used for the market, even though the public had little say in the project.
On Monday, MLive reported the Grand Action commissioned study, with the usual glowing remarks. The article even included a short video interview with the consultant who was hired by Grand Action to do the study. 
The Grand Rapids Business Journal and other major commercial media outlets also reported on the Grand Action study and simply restated what each source was saying. The major areas of asset improvement would be expand the convention center, add another new hotel downtown, upgrade transit options for downtown, making the Grand River more of a tourist/outdoor destination, build a professional soccer stadium and add other amateur sports options & destinations.
The expansion of the convention center can be seen in the image here on the right. You can see that the proposed expansion would utilize the space now currently occupied by the downtown post office and where the City & County buildings are located.
Another curious aspect of the Grand Rapids Destination Asset Study is what is referred to as Stressing Authentic: A Diverse and Inclusive Approach. The study says this about the idea of A Diverse and Inclusive Approach:
This initiative could effectively showcase diverse areas of the community, empower residents to participate in destination marketing efforts, and provide content that could potentially be used to inform future destination marketing efforts.
Ultimately it means maybe giving communities of color an opportunity to be involved in the marketing of their neighborhoods. Below is also major bullet points from the study having to do with diversity and inclusion.
My favorite is Minority Hospitality Incubator. Who comes up with this shit?
Lastly, the major issue that this new study raises is the cost. There are some hard figures and then there are some costs that are not as clear. However, based on the known costs, the budget for the proposed destination assets is roughly $278 million dollars.
This amount of money is somewhat staggering when we think about what that kind of money would mean for people who are struggling to make ends meet. Now, I know that some people will say that at least 50% or more will come from private sources and that is probably the case, but what it should say to us is that what those with tremendous wealth are preferring to invest in is making Grand Rapids a destination city. This equals, as we stated in the opening remarks, that those with tremendous wealth will have an opportunity to make even more if this proposal comes to fruition.
Imagine what $278 million could be spent on that would actually serve the needs to of so many. If one was thinking of housing, truly affordable housing, it would not be a stretch to suggest that 2,780 houses at $100,000 each, would mean that 2,780 families could have a healthy place to live.
Imagine if that kind of money was redirected to environmental cleanup and ecological sustainability? Think of how much food justice could be practiced with such a budget, which would result in more people eating better, thus reducing health care costs.
However, this would just be fantastical thinking, because those behind such projects are in no way interested in addressing social inequality or ways that would truly transform Grand Rapids that would make known as the Racial Justice City as opposed to Beer City.














